【容器安全】Docker 容器识别 – 黄某的电子藏经阁

想研究的课题是容器的渗透，一大方向就是容器逃逸。那么逃逸前自然需要判断是否处在容器中。那么就需要了解容器有哪些特征。假设进入一台远程服务器，通过何种手段开源判断此环境是否在容器之中。

容器虚拟技术有很多，最主流的就是 Docker，也比较方便搭建实验环境。所以就先研究 Docker 的容器特征。手边刚好有 Docker 环境、 WSL 环境（Kali）、阿里云 ECS（CentOS）和 Hyper-V 虚拟机（Kali）四种环境可以拿来做对比实验，VMWare 我电脑上暂时没安装，就忽略了。

1 查看文件

1.1 查看`/proc/1/cgroup` 文件

可以查看/proc/1/cgroup 文件，也可以看/proc/self/cgroup 。

cat /proc/1/cgroup
cat /proc/self/cgroup

两个指令作用相似，都是查看 cgroup 信息，如果出现 docker 字样，就说明当前环境可能在 Docker 容器中。

1.1.1 各环境下实验

Docker 环境

# cat /proc/1/cgroup
15:name=systemd:/docker/5104ed1f33bf9e9d36fe99b75b03fedfc2b7e795b741fcfa9985de31dd3a6e0a
14:misc:/docker/5104ed1f33bf9e9d36fe99b75b03fedfc2b7e795b741fcfa9985de31dd3a6e0a
13:rdma:/docker/5104ed1f33bf9e9d36fe99b75b03fedfc2b7e795b741fcfa9985de31dd3a6e0a
12:pids:/docker/5104ed1f33bf9e9d36fe99b75b03fedfc2b7e795b741fcfa9985de31dd3a6e0a
11:hugetlb:/docker/5104ed1f33bf9e9d36fe99b75b03fedfc2b7e795b741fcfa9985de31dd3a6e0a
10:net_prio:/docker/5104ed1f33bf9e9d36fe99b75b03fedfc2b7e795b741fcfa9985de31dd3a6e0a
9:perf_event:/docker/5104ed1f33bf9e9d36fe99b75b03fedfc2b7e795b741fcfa9985de31dd3a6e0a
8:net_cls:/docker/5104ed1f33bf9e9d36fe99b75b03fedfc2b7e795b741fcfa9985de31dd3a6e0a
7:freezer:/docker/5104ed1f33bf9e9d36fe99b75b03fedfc2b7e795b741fcfa9985de31dd3a6e0a
6:devices:/docker/5104ed1f33bf9e9d36fe99b75b03fedfc2b7e795b741fcfa9985de31dd3a6e0a
5:memory:/docker/5104ed1f33bf9e9d36fe99b75b03fedfc2b7e795b741fcfa9985de31dd3a6e0a
4:blkio:/docker/5104ed1f33bf9e9d36fe99b75b03fedfc2b7e795b741fcfa9985de31dd3a6e0a
3:cpuacct:/docker/5104ed1f33bf9e9d36fe99b75b03fedfc2b7e795b741fcfa9985de31dd3a6e0a
2:cpu:/docker/5104ed1f33bf9e9d36fe99b75b03fedfc2b7e795b741fcfa9985de31dd3a6e0a
1:cpuset:/docker/5104ed1f33bf9e9d36fe99b75b03fedfc2b7e795b741fcfa9985de31dd3a6e0a
0::/docker/5104ed1f33bf9e9d36fe99b75b03fedfc2b7e795b741fcfa9985de31dd3a6e0a

展开

可以看到 docker 字样，还能看到容器 ID 。

WSL 环境

$ cat /proc/1/cgroup
15:name=systemd:/
14:misc:/
13:rdma:/
12:pids:/
11:hugetlb:/
10:net_prio:/
9:perf_event:/
8:net_cls:/
7:freezer:/
6:devices:/
5:memory:/
4:blkio:/
3:cpuacct:/
2:cpu:/
1:cpuset:/
0::/

ECS 环境

# cat /proc/1/cgroup
11:devices:/
10:memory:/
9:pids:/
8:freezer:/
7:perf_event:/
6:blkio:/
5:net_prio,net_cls:/
4:cpuset:/
3:hugetlb:/
2:cpuacct,cpu:/
1:name=systemd:/

Hyper-V 环境

$ cat /proc/1/cgroup
0::/init.scope

1.1.2 知识点

1.1.2.1 Linux 的 proc 目录

/proc 目录是 Linux 系统中的一个虚拟文件系统，有时也被称为 proc 文件系统。它并不占用实际的磁盘空间，而是由内核在内存中动态生成和维护的。

/proc/[pid]/cgroup 文件提供了进程所属的各个控制组（cgroups）的详细信息。该文件的内容显示了每个控制组的子系统名称、控制组层次结构的路径以及该进程在该控制组中的相关属性。

/proc/1/cgroup 文件的内容可能是这样的：

11:cpuset:/  
10:perf_event:/  
9:memory:/  
8:blkio:/  
7:devices:/  
6:pids:/  
5:net_cls,net_prio:/  
4:freezer:/  
3:cpuacct,cpu:/  
2:hugetlb:/  
1:name=systemd:/init.scope  
0::/init.scope

每一行都代表一个控制组，通常格式如下：

ID: 子系统的唯一 ID（有些可能是逗号分隔的，表示多个子系统共享相同的层次结构）。
Subsystems: 该控制组涉及的子系统名称（例如 cpuset 、 memory 、 cpu 等）。
Cgroup Path: 控制组在子系统层次结构中的路径。

1.1.2.2 cgroup 信息

控制组（cgroups）是 Linux 内核提供的一种机制，用于限制、记录和隔离进程组使用的资源（如 CPU 、内存、磁盘 I/O 等）。它为系统管理员提供了一个统一的框架来管理系统资源，并允许对进程进行细粒度的控制。 cgroups 是 Linux 容器（如 Docker）等虚拟化技术的基础组件之一。

1.2 查看/proc/1/status 文件

cat /proc/1/status

1.2.1 各环境下实验

Docker 环境

# cat /proc/1/status
Name:   sh
Umask:  0022
State:  S (sleeping)
Tgid:   1
Ngid:   0
Pid:    1
PPid:   0
TracerPid:      0
Uid:    0       0       0       0
Gid:    0       0       0       0
FDSize: 64
Groups: 0
NStgid: 1
NSpid:  1
NSpgid: 1
NSsid:  1
VmPeak:     4632 kB
VmSize:     4632 kB
VmLck:         0 kB
VmPin:         0 kB
VmHWM:       800 kB
VmRSS:       800 kB
RssAnon:              68 kB
RssFile:             732 kB
RssShmem:              0 kB
VmData:      184 kB
VmStk:       132 kB
VmExe:       112 kB
VmLib:      2112 kB
VmPTE:        52 kB
VmSwap:        0 kB
HugetlbPages:          0 kB
CoreDumping:    0
THP_enabled:    1
Threads:        1
SigQ:   0/61583
SigPnd: 0000000000000000
ShdPnd: 0000000000000000
SigBlk: 0000000000000000
SigIgn: 0000000000000000
SigCgt: 0000000000010002
CapInh: 0000000000000000
CapPrm: 00000000a80425fb
CapEff: 00000000a80425fb
CapBnd: 00000000a80425fb
CapAmb: 0000000000000000
NoNewPrivs:     0
Seccomp:        2
Seccomp_filters:        1
Speculation_Store_Bypass:       thread force mitigated
SpeculationIndirectBranch:      conditional force disabled
Cpus_allowed:   ffff
Cpus_allowed_list:      0-15
Mems_allowed:   1
Mems_allowed_list:      0
voluntary_ctxt_switches:        18
nonvoluntary_ctxt_switches:     1

展开

WSL 环境

$ cat /proc/1/status
Name:   init(kali-linux
Umask:  0022
State:  S (sleeping)
Tgid:   1
Ngid:   0
Pid:    1
PPid:   0
TracerPid:      0
Uid:    0       0       0       0
Gid:    0       0       0       0
FDSize: 128
Groups:
NStgid: 1
NSpid:  1
NSpgid: 0
NSsid:  0
VmPeak:     2460 kB
VmSize:     2460 kB
VmLck:         0 kB
VmPin:         0 kB
VmHWM:      1604 kB
VmRSS:      1604 kB
RssAnon:             108 kB
RssFile:               0 kB
RssShmem:           1496 kB
VmData:      316 kB
VmStk:       132 kB
VmExe:      1348 kB
VmLib:         8 kB
VmPTE:        44 kB
VmSwap:        0 kB
HugetlbPages:          0 kB
CoreDumping:    0
THP_enabled:    1
Threads:        2
SigQ:   0/61583
SigPnd: 0000000000000000
ShdPnd: 0000000000000000
SigBlk: 0000000000000000
SigIgn: fffffffc7ff9fefe
SigCgt: 0000000000000000
CapInh: 0000000000000000
CapPrm: 000001ffffffffff
CapEff: 000001ffffffffff
CapBnd: 000001ffffffffff
CapAmb: 0000000000000000
NoNewPrivs:     0
Seccomp:        0
Seccomp_filters:        0
Speculation_Store_Bypass:       thread vulnerable
SpeculationIndirectBranch:      conditional enabled
Cpus_allowed:   ffff
Cpus_allowed_list:      0-15
Mems_allowed:   1
Mems_allowed_list:      0
voluntary_ctxt_switches:        42
nonvoluntary_ctxt_switches:     0

展开

ECS 环境

# cat /proc/1/status
Name:   systemd
Umask:  0000
State:  S (sleeping)
Tgid:   1
Ngid:   0
Pid:    1
PPid:   0
TracerPid:      0
Uid:    0       0       0       0
Gid:    0       0       0       0
FDSize: 128
Groups:
VmPeak:   191048 kB
VmSize:   125648 kB
VmLck:         0 kB
VmPin:         0 kB
VmHWM:      4100 kB
VmRSS:      3692 kB
RssAnon:            1544 kB
RssFile:            2148 kB
RssShmem:              0 kB
VmData:    83228 kB
VmStk:       132 kB
VmExe:      1424 kB
VmLib:      3732 kB
VmPTE:       112 kB
VmSwap:        0 kB
Threads:        1
SigQ:   0/15073
SigPnd: 0000000000000000
ShdPnd: 0000000000000000
SigBlk: 7be3c0fe28014a03
SigIgn: 0000000000001000
SigCgt: 00000001800004ec
CapInh: 0000000000000000
CapPrm: 0000001fffffffff
CapEff: 0000001fffffffff
CapBnd: 0000001fffffffff
CapAmb: 0000000000000000
NoNewPrivs:     0
Seccomp:        0
Speculation_Store_Bypass:       vulnerable
Cpus_allowed:   3
Cpus_allowed_list:      0-1
Mems_allowed:   00000000,00000000,00000000,00000000,00000000,00000000,00000000,00000000,00000000,00000000,00000000,00000000,00000000,00000000,00000000,00000000,00000000,00000000,00000000,00000000,00000000,00000000,00000000,00000000,00000000,00000000,00000000,00000000,00000000,00000000,00000000,00000001
Mems_allowed_list:      0
voluntary_ctxt_switches:        184468
nonvoluntary_ctxt_switches:     5635

展开

Hyper-V 环境

$ cat /proc/1/status
Name:   systemd
Umask:  0000
State:  S (sleeping)
Tgid:   1
Ngid:   0
Pid:    1
PPid:   0
TracerPid:      0
Uid:    0       0       0       0
Gid:    0       0       0       0
FDSize: 256
Groups:  
NStgid: 1
NSpid:  1
NSpgid: 1
NSsid:  1
Kthread:        0
VmPeak:    24036 kB
VmSize:    22188 kB
VmLck:         0 kB
VmPin:         0 kB
VmHWM:     12920 kB
VmRSS:     12920 kB
RssAnon:            3328 kB
RssFile:            9592 kB
RssShmem:              0 kB
VmData:     2688 kB
VmStk:       132 kB
VmExe:        40 kB
VmLib:     11992 kB
VmPTE:        80 kB
VmSwap:        0 kB
HugetlbPages:          0 kB
CoreDumping:    0
THP_enabled:    1
untag_mask:     0xffffffffffffffff
Threads:        1
SigQ:   1/7318
SigPnd: 0000000000000000
ShdPnd: 0000000000000000
SigBlk: 7fefc1fe28014a03
SigIgn: 0000000000001000
SigCgt: 00000000000004ec
CapInh: 0000000000000000
CapPrm: 000001ffffffffff
CapEff: 000001ffffffffff
CapBnd: 000001ffffffffff
CapAmb: 0000000000000000
NoNewPrivs:     0
Seccomp:        0
Seccomp_filters:        0
Speculation_Store_Bypass:       thread vulnerable
SpeculationIndirectBranch:      conditional enabled
Cpus_allowed:   3
Cpus_allowed_list:      0-1
Mems_allowed:   00000000,00000000,00000000,00000000,00000000,00000000,00000000,00000000,00000000,00000000,00000000,00000000,00000000,00000000,00000000,00000000,00000000,00000000,00000000,00000000,00000000,00000000,00000000,00000000,00000000,00000000,00000000,00000000,00000000,00000000,00000000,00000001
Mems_allowed_list:      0
voluntary_ctxt_switches:        1532
nonvoluntary_ctxt_switches:     368

展开

1.3 查看.dockerenv 文件

Docker 容器在根目录下可能存在一个名为.dockerenv 的文件，该文件的作用我没有找到一个明确的说明。网上有文章说它是配置文件，但我在实际容器中查看该文件是空的，什么信息都没有记录。然后又问了下文心一言.dockerenv 文件记录了什么信息，回复说：

在 Docker 容器中，.dockerenv 文件是一个标志文件，它本身并不记录任何具体的配置或环境信息。该文件的存在是为了让进程可以判断其是否在 Docker 容器中运行。通常，该文件是空的，其唯一的作用是作为一个指示器。

当 Docker 启动一个容器时，它会在容器的根目录下创建.dockerenv 文件。应用程序或脚本可以通过检查该文件的存在来判断它们是否在 Docker 环境中运行。例如，一些应用程序可能会根据这个标志来改变它们的行为或配置。

然而，.dockerenv 文件并不是一个标准的 Unix 隐藏文件（尽管它以点开头），它不会被 ls -a 命令列出，除非你使用 docker exec 进入容器内部并查看。实际上，你通常不会直接与.dockerenv 文件交互；它更多是 Docker 内部使用的一个机制。

需要注意的是，有些资料可能会提到.dockerenv 包含环境变量或配置信息，但这是不准确的。环境变量和配置信息是通过其他方式（如 Dockerfile 指令、 docker run 命令参数或 Docker Compose 文件）设置和传递的，并不是存储在.dockerenv 文件中。

如果你需要在容器内部检查是否运行在 Docker 环境中，可以通过检查/proc/1/cgroup 文件或使用其他系统调用来实现，而不是直接查找.dockerenv 文件，因为该文件的存在和行为可能会随着 Docker 版本的更新而发生变化。

感觉说的还挺有道理，至少和目前看到的情况是一致的。

不管如何，查看根目录是否有.dockerenv 文件这个方法是可行的。注意，定制化程度较高的 Docker 容器可能也没有这个文件。

ls -al /
ll /

类似的还有.dockerinit 文件，只不过该文件在较新的 Docker 版本下已经不存在了。

1.3.1 各环境下实验

Docker 环境

# ls -al /
total 72
drwxr-xr-x   1 root root 4096 Mar  4 02:07 .
drwxr-xr-x   1 root root 4096 Mar  4 02:07 ..
-rwxr-xr-x   1 root root    0 Mar  4 02:07 .dockerenv
drwxr-xr-x   2 root root 4096 Apr  3  2020 bin
drwxr-xr-x   2 root root 4096 Apr 24  2018 boot
drwxr-xr-x   5 root root  340 Mar  4 02:07 dev
drwxr-xr-x   1 root root 4096 Mar  4 02:07 etc
drwxr-xr-x   1 root root 4096 May 28  2020 home
drwxr-xr-x   1 root root 4096 May 28  2020 lib
drwxr-xr-x   2 root root 4096 Apr  3  2020 lib64
drwxr-xr-x   2 root root 4096 Apr  3  2020 media
drwxr-xr-x   2 root root 4096 Apr  3  2020 mnt
drwxr-xr-x   2 root root 4096 Apr  3  2020 opt
dr-xr-xr-x 349 root root    0 Mar  4 02:07 proc
drwx------   1 root root 4096 May 28  2020 root
drwxr-xr-x   1 root root 4096 Apr 24  2020 run
drwxr-xr-x   1 root root 4096 Apr 24  2020 sbin
drwxr-xr-x   2 root root 4096 Apr  3  2020 srv
dr-xr-xr-x  11 root root    0 Mar  4 02:05 sys
drwxrwxrwt   1 root root 4096 May 28  2020 tmp
drwxr-xr-x   1 root root 4096 Apr  3  2020 usr
drwxr-xr-x   1 root root 4096 Apr  3  2020 var

展开更多

确实存在一个.dockerenv 文件，文件大小为零，没有任何记录信息。

WSL 环境

$ ll /
total 2124
lrwxrwxrwx   1 root root       7 May 31  2023 bin -> usr/bin
drwxr-xr-x   2 root root    4096 May 16  2023 boot
drwxr-xr-x  11 root root    3060 Mar  4 09:36 dev
drwxr-xr-x   3 root root    4096 Jan 26 21:16 Docker
drwxr-xr-x 109 root root    4096 Mar  4 09:36 etc
drwxr-xr-x   3 root root    4096 Aug 10  2023 home
-rwxrwxrwx   1 root root 2105848 Dec 20 06:30 init
lrwxrwxrwx   1 root root       7 May 31  2023 lib -> usr/lib
lrwxrwxrwx   1 root root       9 May 31  2023 lib64 -> usr/lib64
drwx------   2 root root   16384 Aug 10  2023 lost+found
drwxr-xr-x   2 root root    4096 May 31  2023 media
drwxr-xr-x   8 root root    4096 Sep  6 10:31 mnt
drwxr-xr-x   2 root root    4096 May 31  2023 opt
dr-xr-xr-x 232 root root       0 Mar  4 09:36 proc
drwx------   6 root root    4096 Jan 27 15:10 root
drwxr-xr-x   7 root root     140 Mar  4 09:36 run
lrwxrwxrwx   1 root root       8 May 31  2023 sbin -> usr/sbin
drwxr-xr-x   2 root root    4096 May 31  2023 srv
dr-xr-xr-x  11 root root       0 Mar  4 09:36 sys
drwxrwxrwt   8 root root    4096 Jan 27 20:55 tmp
drwxr-xr-x  14 root root    4096 Oct 19 16:06 usr
drwxr-xr-x  11 root root    4096 May 31  2023 var

那个 Docker 文件夹应该是因为我电脑上装了 Docker，和自身环境没有关系。

ECS 环境

# ll /
total 76
lrwxrwxrwx.   1 root root     7 Jan 25 10:21 bin -> usr/bin
dr-xr-xr-x.   5 root root  4096 Jan 25 10:37 boot
drwxr-xr-x   19 root root  3020 Feb 28 19:16 dev
drwxr-xr-x.  91 root root 12288 Mar  4 09:48 etc
drwxr-xr-x.   5 root root  4096 Feb 26 16:48 home
lrwxrwxrwx.   1 root root     7 Jan 25 10:21 lib -> usr/lib
lrwxrwxrwx.   1 root root     9 Jan 25 10:21 lib64 -> usr/lib64
drwx------.   2 root root 16384 Jan 25 10:21 lost+found
drwxr-xr-x.   2 root root  4096 Apr 11  2018 media
drwxr-xr-x.   2 root root  4096 Apr 11  2018 mnt
drwxr-xr-x.   3 root root  4096 Feb 25 16:34 opt
drwxr-xr-x    2 root root  4096 Feb 25 16:27 patch
dr-xr-xr-x  130 root root     0 Feb 25 16:09 proc
dr-xr-x---.   8 root root  4096 Mar  4 00:03 root
drwxr-xr-x   28 root root   880 Mar  4 10:06 run
lrwxrwxrwx.   1 root root     8 Jan 25 10:21 sbin -> usr/sbin
drwxr-xr-x.   2 root root  4096 Apr 11  2018 srv
dr-xr-xr-x   13 root root     0 Feb 25 16:09 sys
drwxrwxrwt.   9 root root  4096 Mar  4 10:05 tmp
drwxr-xr-x.  13 root root  4096 Jan 25 10:21 usr
drwxr-xr-x.  19 root root  4096 Feb 25 16:21 var
drwxr-xr-x    9 root root  4096 Mar  3 09:18 www

Hyper-V 环境

$ ll /
total 1048648
lrwxrwxrwx   1 root root          7 Feb 25 10:35 bin -> usr/bin
drwxr-xr-x   4 root root       4096 Feb 25 11:20 boot
drwxr-xr-x  17 root root       3300 Mar  5 21:00 dev
drwxr-xr-x 182 root root      12288 Mar  5 21:00 etc
drwxr-xr-x   3 root root       4096 Feb 25 10:57 home
lrwxrwxrwx   1 root root         27 Feb 25 11:19 initrd.img -> boot/initrd.img-6.6.9-amd64
lrwxrwxrwx   1 root root         27 Feb 25 11:19 initrd.img.old -> boot/initrd.img-6.6.9-amd64
lrwxrwxrwx   1 root root          7 Feb 25 10:35 lib -> usr/lib
lrwxrwxrwx   1 root root          9 Feb 25 10:48 lib32 -> usr/lib32
lrwxrwxrwx   1 root root          9 Feb 25 10:35 lib64 -> usr/lib64
drwx------   2 root root      16384 Feb 25 11:15 lost+found
drwxr-xr-x   2 root root       4096 Feb 25 10:35 media
drwxr-xr-x   2 root root       4096 Feb 25 10:35 mnt
drwxr-xr-x   3 root root       4096 Feb 25 10:47 opt
dr-xr-xr-x 216 root root          0 Mar  6  2024 proc
drwx------   4 root root       4096 Feb 25 10:41 root
drwxr-xr-x  35 root root        860 Mar  5 21:01 run
lrwxrwxrwx   1 root root          8 Feb 25 10:35 sbin -> usr/sbin
drwxr-xr-x   3 root root       4096 Feb 25 10:51 srv
-rw-------   1 root root 1073741824 Feb 25 11:19 swapfile
dr-xr-xr-x  13 root root          0 Mar  6  2024 sys
drwxrwxrwt  13 root root       4096 Mar  5 21:09 tmp
drwxr-xr-x  16 root root       4096 Feb 25 10:48 usr
drwxr-xr-x  12 root root       4096 Mar  5 21:00 var
lrwxrwxrwx   1 root root         24 Feb 25 11:19 vmlinuz -> boot/vmlinuz-6.6.9-amd64
lrwxrwxrwx   1 root root         24 Feb 25 11:19 vmlinuz.old -> boot/vmlinuz-6.6.9-amd64

2 查看系统信息

1. 查看 mount 信息

mount | grep '/ type'

各环境下实验

Docker 环境

# mount | grep '/ type'
overlay on / type overlay (rw,relatime,lowerdir=/var/lib/docker/overlay2/l/PKM2ZYM2FGALMKIZM3XQIWADT3:/var/lib/docker/overlay2/l/JRWLAQ6K4WCJBASWE3IJWQSF6U:/var/lib/docker/overlay2/l/PTCRLTZQBPXUAZZO47P3QAJH6R:/var/lib/docker/overlay2/l/4IPE7F6D23WYKIXGYICLEGVKTL:/var/lib/docker/overlay2/l/JMVKECYPFKE4TUBUX4S5UOIMDW:/var/lib/docker/overlay2/l/J6OHTCNVCHHJYRKCTRPOB7K3MR:/var/lib/docker/overlay2/l/BTEIZV7IN3JMLAGLDOMY337NRG:/var/lib/docker/overlay2/l/DFEBEBBC7HMIVIZKOBQY3RFA5K:/var/lib/docker/overlay2/l/NWKTKGNDLQU4MNKQ3TDAB5WQRD:/var/lib/docker/overlay2/l/YM2WDJOZUZX5YUVP3UZSNN7PFO:/var/lib/docker/overlay2/l/ORMS3MLCVMUAV7TWPXYNTLRPEL:/var/lib/docker/overlay2/l/5LTECZFOVRFRQZYD6KB3MBSNOL:/var/lib/docker/overlay2/l/32RTYS77YK4UV7ZIBZPITVGIGB:/var/lib/docker/overlay2/l/DFEU54MTRKTDQQ5YPFTIQORZW2:/var/lib/docker/overlay2/l/6TGRXWPSSVQTX5VO6TO55JWV6Z:/var/lib/docker/overlay2/l/V3XSVR3U2CTBZR5HSZUFVT4VFC:/var/lib/docker/overlay2/l/QTMR2SDCQVEVLOG56SGL6KZO74:/var/lib/docker/overlay2/l/FTONRGLI2YY4RS4JPLPJDEITQP:/var/lib/docker/overlay2/l/L2K7KRXTVM6DK5AG3XONY6HSVV,upperdir=/var/lib/docker/overlay2/b7bc189f454286fb83d6e96cacaa21d7a528cddeb92b697ff3a5f0fbd8303719/diff,workdir=/var/lib/docker/overlay2/b7bc189f454286fb83d6e96cacaa21d7a528cddeb92b697ff3a5f0fbd8303719/work)

展开

WSL 环境

$ mount | grep '/ type'
/dev/sde on / type ext4 (rw,relatime,discard,errors=remount-ro,data=ordered)

ECS 环境

# mount | grep '/ type'
/dev/vda1 on / type ext4 (rw,relatime,data=ordered)

Hyper-V 环境

$ mount | grep '/ type'
/dev/sda2 on / type ext4 (rw,relatime,errors=remount-ro)

2. 查看块设备

容器内默认无块设备

ls -l /dev

各环境下实验

Docker 环境

# ls -l /dev
total 0
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root   11 Mar  4 07:25 core -> /proc/kcore
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root   13 Mar  4 07:25 fd -> /proc/self/fd
crw-rw-rw- 1 root root 1, 7 Mar  4 07:25 full
drwxrwxrwt 2 root root   40 Mar  4 07:25 mqueue
crw-rw-rw- 1 root root 1, 3 Mar  4 07:25 null
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root    8 Mar  4 07:25 ptmx -> pts/ptmx
drwxr-xr-x 2 root root    0 Mar  4 07:25 pts
crw-rw-rw- 1 root root 1, 8 Mar  4 07:25 random
drwxrwxrwt 2 root root   40 Mar  4 07:25 shm
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root   15 Mar  4 07:25 stderr -> /proc/self/fd/2
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root   15 Mar  4 07:25 stdin -> /proc/self/fd/0
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root   15 Mar  4 07:25 stdout -> /proc/self/fd/1
crw-rw-rw- 1 root root 5, 0 Mar  4 07:25 tty
crw-rw-rw- 1 root root 1, 9 Mar  4 07:25 urandom
crw-rw-rw- 1 root root 1, 5 Mar  4 07:25 zero

WSL 环境

$ ls -l /dev
total 0
crw-rw-rw- 1 root root  10, 235 Mar  4 09:36 autofs
drwxr-xr-x 2 root root       40 Mar  4 09:36 block
drwxr-xr-x 2 root root      140 Mar  4 10:06 bsg
crw-rw-rw- 1 root root  10, 234 Mar  4 09:36 btrfs-control
drwxr-xr-x 3 root root       60 Mar  4 09:36 bus
crw-rw-rw- 1 root root   5,   1 Mar  5 07:38 console
crw-rw-rw- 1 root root  10, 125 Mar  4 09:36 cpu_dma_latency
crw-rw-rw- 1 root root  10, 203 Mar  4 09:36 cuse
drwxr-xr-x 2 root root       80 Mar  4 09:36 dri
crw-rw-rw- 1 root root  10, 127 Mar  4 09:36 dxg
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root       13 Mar  4 09:36 fd -> /proc/self/fd
crw-rw-rw- 1 root root   1,   7 Mar  4 09:36 full
crw-rw-rw- 1 root root  10, 229 Mar  4 09:36 fuse
crw-rw-rw- 1 root root 229,   0 Mar  4 10:06 hvc0
crw-rw-rw- 1 root tty  229,   1 Mar  4 09:36 hvc1
crw-rw-rw- 1 root root 229,   2 Mar  4 09:36 hvc2
crw-rw-rw- 1 root root 229,   3 Mar  4 09:36 hvc3
crw-rw-rw- 1 root root 229,   4 Mar  4 09:36 hvc4
crw-rw-rw- 1 root root 229,   5 Mar  4 09:36 hvc5
crw-rw-rw- 1 root root 229,   6 Mar  4 09:36 hvc6
crw-rw-rw- 1 root root 229,   7 Mar  4 09:36 hvc7
crw-rw-rw- 1 root root   1,  11 Mar  4 09:36 kmsg
crw-rw-rw- 1 root root  10, 232 Mar  4 09:36 kvm
brw-rw-rw- 1 root root   7,   0 Mar  4 09:36 loop0
brw-rw-rw- 1 root root   7,   1 Mar  4 09:36 loop1
brw-rw-rw- 1 root root   7,   2 Mar  4 09:36 loop2
brw-rw-rw- 1 root root   7,   3 Mar  4 09:36 loop3
brw-rw-rw- 1 root root   7,   4 Mar  4 09:36 loop4
brw-rw-rw- 1 root root   7,   5 Mar  4 09:36 loop5
brw-rw-rw- 1 root root   7,   6 Mar  4 09:36 loop6
brw-rw-rw- 1 root root   7,   7 Mar  4 09:36 loop7
crw-rw-rw- 1 root root  10, 237 Mar  4 09:36 loop-control
drwxr-xr-x 2 root root       60 Mar  4 09:36 mapper
crw-rw-rw- 1 root root   1,   1 Mar  4 09:36 mem
drwxr-xr-x 2 root root       60 Mar  4 09:36 net
crw-rw-rw- 1 root root   1,   3 Mar  4 09:36 null
crw-rw-rw- 1 root root  10, 144 Mar  4 09:36 nvram
crw-rw-rw- 1 root root 108,   0 Mar  4 09:36 ppp
crw-rw-rw- 1 root root   5,   2 Mar  5 15:46 ptmx
crw-rw-rw- 1 root root 249,   0 Mar  4 09:36 ptp0
drwxr-xr-x 2 root root        0 Mar  4 09:36 pts
brw-rw-rw- 1 root root   1,   0 Mar  4 09:36 ram0
brw-rw-rw- 1 root root   1,   1 Mar  4 09:36 ram1
brw-rw-rw- 1 root root   1,  10 Mar  4 09:36 ram10
brw-rw-rw- 1 root root   1,  11 Mar  4 09:36 ram11
brw-rw-rw- 1 root root   1,  12 Mar  4 09:36 ram12
brw-rw-rw- 1 root root   1,  13 Mar  4 09:36 ram13
brw-rw-rw- 1 root root   1,  14 Mar  4 09:36 ram14
brw-rw-rw- 1 root root   1,  15 Mar  4 09:36 ram15
brw-rw-rw- 1 root root   1,   2 Mar  4 09:36 ram2
brw-rw-rw- 1 root root   1,   3 Mar  4 09:36 ram3
brw-rw-rw- 1 root root   1,   4 Mar  4 09:36 ram4
brw-rw-rw- 1 root root   1,   5 Mar  4 09:36 ram5
brw-rw-rw- 1 root root   1,   6 Mar  4 09:36 ram6
brw-rw-rw- 1 root root   1,   7 Mar  4 09:36 ram7
brw-rw-rw- 1 root root   1,   8 Mar  4 09:36 ram8
brw-rw-rw- 1 root root   1,   9 Mar  4 09:36 ram9
crw-rw-rw- 1 root root   1,   8 Mar  4 09:36 random
crw-rw-rw- 1 root root 251,   0 Mar  4 09:36 rtc0
brw-rw-rw- 1 root root   8,   0 Mar  4 09:36 sda
brw-rw-rw- 1 root root   8,  16 Mar  4 09:36 sdb
brw-rw-rw- 1 root root   8,  32 Mar  4 09:36 sdc
brw-rw-rw- 1 root root   8,  48 Mar  4 10:06 sdd
brw-rw-rw- 1 root root   8,  64 Mar  4 10:06 sde
crw-rw-rw- 1 root root  21,   0 Mar  4 09:36 sg0
crw-rw-rw- 1 root root  21,   1 Mar  4 09:36 sg1
crw-rw-rw- 1 root root  21,   2 Mar  4 09:36 sg2
crw-rw-rw- 1 root root  21,   3 Mar  4 10:06 sg3
crw-rw-rw- 1 root root  21,   4 Mar  4 10:06 sg4
drwxrwxrwt 2 root root       40 Mar  4 09:36 shm
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root       15 Mar  4 09:36 stderr -> /proc/self/fd/2
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root       15 Mar  4 09:36 stdin -> /proc/self/fd/0
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root       15 Mar  4 09:36 stdout -> /proc/self/fd/1
crw-rw-rw- 1 root root   5,   0 Mar  5 14:38 tty
crw-rw-rw- 1 root root   4,   0 Mar  4 09:36 tty0
crw-rw-rw- 1 root root   4,   1 Mar  4 09:36 tty1
crw-rw-rw- 1 root root   4,  10 Mar  4 09:36 tty10
crw-rw-rw- 1 root root   4,  11 Mar  4 09:36 tty11
crw-rw-rw- 1 root root   4,  12 Mar  4 09:36 tty12
crw-rw-rw- 1 root root   4,  13 Mar  4 09:36 tty13
crw-rw-rw- 1 root root   4,  14 Mar  4 09:36 tty14
crw-rw-rw- 1 root root   4,  15 Mar  4 09:36 tty15
crw-rw-rw- 1 root root   4,  16 Mar  4 09:36 tty16
crw-rw-rw- 1 root root   4,  17 Mar  4 09:36 tty17
crw-rw-rw- 1 root root   4,  18 Mar  4 09:36 tty18
crw-rw-rw- 1 root root   4,  19 Mar  4 09:36 tty19
crw-rw-rw- 1 root root   4,   2 Mar  4 09:36 tty2
crw-rw-rw- 1 root root   4,  20 Mar  4 09:36 tty20
crw-rw-rw- 1 root root   4,  21 Mar  4 09:36 tty21
crw-rw-rw- 1 root root   4,  22 Mar  4 09:36 tty22
crw-rw-rw- 1 root root   4,  23 Mar  4 09:36 tty23
crw-rw-rw- 1 root root   4,  24 Mar  4 09:36 tty24
crw-rw-rw- 1 root root   4,  25 Mar  4 09:36 tty25
crw-rw-rw- 1 root root   4,  26 Mar  4 09:36 tty26
crw-rw-rw- 1 root root   4,  27 Mar  4 09:36 tty27
crw-rw-rw- 1 root root   4,  28 Mar  4 09:36 tty28
crw-rw-rw- 1 root root   4,  29 Mar  4 09:36 tty29
crw-rw-rw- 1 root root   4,   3 Mar  4 09:36 tty3
crw-rw-rw- 1 root root   4,  30 Mar  4 09:36 tty30
crw-rw-rw- 1 root root   4,  31 Mar  4 09:36 tty31
crw-rw-rw- 1 root root   4,  32 Mar  4 09:36 tty32
crw-rw-rw- 1 root root   4,  33 Mar  4 09:36 tty33
crw-rw-rw- 1 root root   4,  34 Mar  4 09:36 tty34
crw-rw-rw- 1 root root   4,  35 Mar  4 09:36 tty35
crw-rw-rw- 1 root root   4,  36 Mar  4 09:36 tty36
crw-rw-rw- 1 root root   4,  37 Mar  4 09:36 tty37
crw-rw-rw- 1 root root   4,  38 Mar  4 09:36 tty38
crw-rw-rw- 1 root root   4,  39 Mar  4 09:36 tty39
crw-rw-rw- 1 root root   4,   4 Mar  4 09:36 tty4
crw-rw-rw- 1 root root   4,  40 Mar  4 09:36 tty40
crw-rw-rw- 1 root root   4,  41 Mar  4 09:36 tty41
crw-rw-rw- 1 root root   4,  42 Mar  4 09:36 tty42
crw-rw-rw- 1 root root   4,  43 Mar  4 09:36 tty43
crw-rw-rw- 1 root root   4,  44 Mar  4 09:36 tty44
crw-rw-rw- 1 root root   4,  45 Mar  4 09:36 tty45
crw-rw-rw- 1 root root   4,  46 Mar  4 09:36 tty46
crw-rw-rw- 1 root root   4,  47 Mar  4 09:36 tty47
crw-rw-rw- 1 root root   4,  48 Mar  4 09:36 tty48
crw-rw-rw- 1 root root   4,  49 Mar  4 09:36 tty49
crw-rw-rw- 1 root root   4,   5 Mar  4 09:36 tty5
crw-rw-rw- 1 root root   4,  50 Mar  4 09:36 tty50
crw-rw-rw- 1 root root   4,  51 Mar  4 09:36 tty51
crw-rw-rw- 1 root root   4,  52 Mar  4 09:36 tty52
crw-rw-rw- 1 root root   4,  53 Mar  4 09:36 tty53
crw-rw-rw- 1 root root   4,  54 Mar  4 09:36 tty54
crw-rw-rw- 1 root root   4,  55 Mar  4 09:36 tty55
crw-rw-rw- 1 root root   4,  56 Mar  4 09:36 tty56
crw-rw-rw- 1 root root   4,  57 Mar  4 09:36 tty57
crw-rw-rw- 1 root root   4,  58 Mar  4 09:36 tty58
crw-rw-rw- 1 root root   4,  59 Mar  4 09:36 tty59
crw-rw-rw- 1 root root   4,   6 Mar  4 09:36 tty6
crw-rw-rw- 1 root root   4,  60 Mar  4 09:36 tty60
crw-rw-rw- 1 root root   4,  61 Mar  4 09:36 tty61
crw-rw-rw- 1 root root   4,  62 Mar  4 09:36 tty62
crw-rw-rw- 1 root root   4,  63 Mar  4 09:36 tty63
crw-rw-rw- 1 root root   4,   7 Mar  4 09:36 tty7
crw-rw-rw- 1 root root   4,   8 Mar  4 09:36 tty8
crw-rw-rw- 1 root root   4,   9 Mar  4 09:36 tty9
crw-rw-rw- 1 root root   4,  64 Mar  4 09:36 ttyS0
crw-rw-rw- 1 root root   4,  65 Mar  4 09:36 ttyS1
crw-rw-rw- 1 root root   4,  66 Mar  4 09:36 ttyS2
crw-rw-rw- 1 root root   4,  67 Mar  4 09:36 ttyS3
crw-rw-rw- 1 root root   1,   9 Mar  4 09:36 urandom
crw-rw-rw- 1 root root   7,   0 Mar  4 09:36 vcs
crw-rw-rw- 1 root root   7,   1 Mar  4 09:36 vcs1
crw-rw-rw- 1 root root   7, 128 Mar  4 09:36 vcsa
crw-rw-rw- 1 root root   7, 129 Mar  4 09:36 vcsa1
crw-rw-rw- 1 root root   7,  64 Mar  4 09:36 vcsu
crw-rw-rw- 1 root root   7,  65 Mar  4 09:36 vcsu1
drwxr-xr-x 2 root root       60 Mar  4 09:36 vfio
crw-rw-rw- 1 root root  10, 238 Mar  4 09:36 vhost-net
crw-rw-rw- 1 root root 247,   0 Mar  4 09:36 vport0p0
crw-rw-rw- 1 root root 247,   1 Mar  4 09:36 vport0p1
crw-rw-rw- 1 root root  10, 126 Mar  4 09:36 vsock
crw-rw-rw- 1 root root   1,   5 Mar  4 09:36 zero

ECS 环境

# ls -l /dev
total 0
crw------- 1 root root     10,  58 Feb 28 19:16 AliSecGuard
crw------- 1 root root     10, 235 Feb 25 16:09 autofs
drwxr-xr-x 2 root root          80 Feb 25 16:09 block
crw------- 1 root root     10, 234 Feb 25 16:09 btrfs-control
drwxr-xr-x 3 root root          60 Feb 25 16:09 bus
drwxr-xr-x 2 root root        2740 Mar  3 09:38 char
crw------- 1 root root      5,   1 Feb 25 16:09 console
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root          11 Feb 25 16:09 core -> /proc/kcore
drwxr-xr-x 4 root root          80 Feb 25 16:09 cpu
crw------- 1 root root     10,  61 Feb 25 16:09 cpu_dma_latency
crw------- 1 root root     10,  62 Feb 25 16:09 crash
drwxr-xr-x 5 root root         100 Feb 25 16:09 disk
drwxr-xr-x 2 root root          60 Feb 25 16:09 dri
crw-rw---- 1 root video    29,   0 Feb 25 16:09 fb0
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root          13 Feb 25 16:09 fd -> /proc/self/fd
crw-rw-rw- 1 root root      1,   7 Feb 25 16:09 full
crw-rw-rw- 1 root root     10, 229 Mar  3 09:38 fuse
crw------- 1 root root    246,   0 Feb 25 16:09 hidraw0
crw------- 1 root root    243,   0 Feb 25 20:28 hids_driver_allowlist
crw------- 1 root root     10, 228 Feb 25 16:09 hpet
drwxr-xr-x 2 root root           0 Feb 25 16:09 hugepages
crw------- 1 root root     10, 183 Feb 25 16:09 hwrng
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root          25 Feb 25 16:09 initctl -> /run/systemd/initctl/fifo
drwxr-xr-x 4 root root         320 Feb 25 16:09 input
crw-r--r-- 1 root root      1,  11 Feb 25 16:09 kmsg
srw-rw-rw- 1 root root           0 Feb 25 16:09 log
crw-rw---- 1 root disk     10, 237 Feb 25 16:09 loop-control
drwxr-xr-x 2 root root          60 Feb 25 16:09 mapper
crw------- 1 root root     10, 227 Feb 25 16:09 mcelog
crw-r----- 1 root kmem      1,   1 Feb 25 16:09 mem
drwxrwxrwt 2 root root          40 Feb 25 16:09 mqueue
drwxr-xr-x 2 root root          60 Feb 25 16:09 net
crw------- 1 root root     10,  60 Feb 25 16:09 network_latency
crw------- 1 root root     10,  59 Feb 25 16:09 network_throughput
crw-rw-rw- 1 root root      1,   3 Feb 25 16:09 null
crw------- 1 root root     10, 144 Feb 25 16:09 nvram
crw------- 1 root root      1,  12 Feb 25 16:09 oldmem
crw-r----- 1 root kmem      1,   4 Feb 25 16:09 port
crw------- 1 root root    108,   0 Feb 25 16:09 ppp
crw-rw-rw- 1 root tty       5,   2 Mar  6 10:44 ptmx
drwxr-xr-x 2 root root           0 Feb 25 16:09 pts
crw-rw-rw- 1 root root      1,   8 Feb 25 16:09 random
drwxr-xr-x 2 root root          60 Feb 25 16:09 raw
crw-rw-r-- 1 root root     10,  57 Feb 25 16:14 rfkill
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root           4 Feb 25 16:09 rtc -> rtc0
crw------- 1 root root    252,   0 Feb 25 16:09 rtc0
drwxrwxrwt 2 root root         160 Mar  3 09:35 shm
crw------- 1 root root     10, 231 Feb 25 16:09 snapshot
drwxr-xr-x 2 root root          80 Feb 25 16:09 snd
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root          15 Feb 25 16:09 stderr -> /proc/self/fd/2
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root          15 Feb 25 16:09 stdin -> /proc/self/fd/0
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root          15 Feb 25 16:09 stdout -> /proc/self/fd/1
crw-rw-rw- 1 root tty       5,   0 Feb 25 16:09 tty
crw--w---- 1 root tty       4,   0 Feb 25 16:09 tty0
crw--w---- 1 root tty       4,   1 Feb 25 16:09 tty1
crw--w---- 1 root tty       4,  10 Feb 25 16:09 tty10
crw--w---- 1 root tty       4,  11 Feb 25 16:09 tty11
crw--w---- 1 root tty       4,  12 Feb 25 16:09 tty12
crw--w---- 1 root tty       4,  13 Feb 25 16:09 tty13
crw--w---- 1 root tty       4,  14 Feb 25 16:09 tty14
crw--w---- 1 root tty       4,  15 Feb 25 16:09 tty15
crw--w---- 1 root tty       4,  16 Feb 25 16:09 tty16
crw--w---- 1 root tty       4,  17 Feb 25 16:09 tty17
crw--w---- 1 root tty       4,  18 Feb 25 16:09 tty18
crw--w---- 1 root tty       4,  19 Feb 25 16:09 tty19
crw--w---- 1 root tty       4,   2 Feb 25 16:09 tty2
crw--w---- 1 root tty       4,  20 Feb 25 16:09 tty20
crw--w---- 1 root tty       4,  21 Feb 25 16:09 tty21
crw--w---- 1 root tty       4,  22 Feb 25 16:09 tty22
crw--w---- 1 root tty       4,  23 Feb 25 16:09 tty23
crw--w---- 1 root tty       4,  24 Feb 25 16:09 tty24
crw--w---- 1 root tty       4,  25 Feb 25 16:09 tty25
crw--w---- 1 root tty       4,  26 Feb 25 16:09 tty26
crw--w---- 1 root tty       4,  27 Feb 25 16:09 tty27
crw--w---- 1 root tty       4,  28 Feb 25 16:09 tty28
crw--w---- 1 root tty       4,  29 Feb 25 16:09 tty29
crw--w---- 1 root tty       4,   3 Feb 25 16:09 tty3
crw--w---- 1 root tty       4,  30 Feb 25 16:09 tty30
crw--w---- 1 root tty       4,  31 Feb 25 16:09 tty31
crw--w---- 1 root tty       4,  32 Feb 25 16:09 tty32
crw--w---- 1 root tty       4,  33 Feb 25 16:09 tty33
crw--w---- 1 root tty       4,  34 Feb 25 16:09 tty34
crw--w---- 1 root tty       4,  35 Feb 25 16:09 tty35
crw--w---- 1 root tty       4,  36 Feb 25 16:09 tty36
crw--w---- 1 root tty       4,  37 Feb 25 16:09 tty37
crw--w---- 1 root tty       4,  38 Feb 25 16:09 tty38
crw--w---- 1 root tty       4,  39 Feb 25 16:09 tty39
crw--w---- 1 root tty       4,   4 Feb 25 16:09 tty4
crw--w---- 1 root tty       4,  40 Feb 25 16:09 tty40
crw--w---- 1 root tty       4,  41 Feb 25 16:09 tty41
crw--w---- 1 root tty       4,  42 Feb 25 16:09 tty42
crw--w---- 1 root tty       4,  43 Feb 25 16:09 tty43
crw--w---- 1 root tty       4,  44 Feb 25 16:09 tty44
crw--w---- 1 root tty       4,  45 Feb 25 16:09 tty45
crw--w---- 1 root tty       4,  46 Feb 25 16:09 tty46
crw--w---- 1 root tty       4,  47 Feb 25 16:09 tty47
crw--w---- 1 root tty       4,  48 Feb 25 16:09 tty48
crw--w---- 1 root tty       4,  49 Feb 25 16:09 tty49
crw--w---- 1 root tty       4,   5 Feb 25 16:09 tty5
crw--w---- 1 root tty       4,  50 Feb 25 16:09 tty50
crw--w---- 1 root tty       4,  51 Feb 25 16:09 tty51
crw--w---- 1 root tty       4,  52 Feb 25 16:09 tty52
crw--w---- 1 root tty       4,  53 Feb 25 16:09 tty53
crw--w---- 1 root tty       4,  54 Feb 25 16:09 tty54
crw--w---- 1 root tty       4,  55 Feb 25 16:09 tty55
crw--w---- 1 root tty       4,  56 Feb 25 16:09 tty56
crw--w---- 1 root tty       4,  57 Feb 25 16:09 tty57
crw--w---- 1 root tty       4,  58 Feb 25 16:09 tty58
crw--w---- 1 root tty       4,  59 Feb 25 16:09 tty59
crw--w---- 1 root tty       4,   6 Feb 25 16:09 tty6
crw--w---- 1 root tty       4,  60 Feb 25 16:09 tty60
crw--w---- 1 root tty       4,  61 Feb 25 16:09 tty61
crw--w---- 1 root tty       4,  62 Feb 25 16:09 tty62
crw--w---- 1 root tty       4,  63 Feb 25 16:09 tty63
crw--w---- 1 root tty       4,   7 Feb 25 16:09 tty7
crw--w---- 1 root tty       4,   8 Feb 25 16:09 tty8
crw--w---- 1 root tty       4,   9 Feb 25 16:09 tty9
crw--w---- 1 root tty       4,  64 Feb 25 16:09 ttyS0
crw-rw---- 1 root dialout   4,  65 Feb 25 16:09 ttyS1
crw-rw---- 1 root dialout   4,  66 Feb 25 16:09 ttyS2
crw-rw---- 1 root dialout   4,  67 Feb 25 16:09 ttyS3
crw------- 1 root root     10, 239 Feb 25 16:09 uhid
crw------- 1 root root     10, 223 Feb 25 16:09 uinput
crw-rw-rw- 1 root root      1,   9 Feb 25 16:09 urandom
crw------- 1 root root    247,   0 Feb 25 16:09 usbmon0
crw------- 1 root root    247,   1 Feb 25 16:09 usbmon1
crw-rw---- 1 root tty       7,   0 Feb 25 16:09 vcs
crw-rw---- 1 root tty       7,   1 Feb 25 16:09 vcs1
crw-rw---- 1 root tty       7,   2 Feb 25 16:09 vcs2
crw-rw---- 1 root tty       7,   3 Feb 25 16:09 vcs3
crw-rw---- 1 root tty       7,   4 Feb 25 16:09 vcs4
crw-rw---- 1 root tty       7,   5 Feb 25 16:09 vcs5
crw-rw---- 1 root tty       7,   6 Feb 25 16:09 vcs6
crw-rw---- 1 root tty       7, 128 Feb 25 16:09 vcsa
crw-rw---- 1 root tty       7, 129 Feb 25 16:09 vcsa1
crw-rw---- 1 root tty       7, 130 Feb 25 16:09 vcsa2
crw-rw---- 1 root tty       7, 131 Feb 25 16:09 vcsa3
crw-rw---- 1 root tty       7, 132 Feb 25 16:09 vcsa4
crw-rw---- 1 root tty       7, 133 Feb 25 16:09 vcsa5
crw-rw---- 1 root tty       7, 134 Feb 25 16:09 vcsa6
brw-rw---- 1 root disk    253,   0 Feb 25 16:09 vda
brw-rw---- 1 root disk    253,   1 Feb 25 16:09 vda1
drwxr-xr-x 2 root root          60 Feb 25 16:09 vfio
crw------- 1 root root     10,  63 Feb 25 16:09 vga_arbiter
crw------- 1 root root     10, 137 Feb 25 16:09 vhci
crw------- 1 root root     10, 238 Feb 25 16:09 vhost-net
drwxr-xr-x 2 root root          60 Feb 25 16:09 virtio-ports
crw------- 1 root root    244,   1 Feb 25 16:09 vport1p1
crw-rw-rw- 1 root root      1,   5 Feb 25 16:09 zero

Hyper-V 环境

$ ls -l /dev
total 0
crw-r--r--  1 root root     10, 235 Mar  5 21:00 autofs
drwxr-xr-x  2 root root         260 Mar  5 21:00 block
drwxr-xr-x  2 root root          60 Mar  6  2024 bsg
crw-------  1 root root     10, 234 Mar  6  2024 btrfs-control
drwxr-xr-x  2 root root        2680 Mar  5 21:00 char
crw--w----  1 root tty       5,   1 Mar  6  2024 console
lrwxrwxrwx  1 root root          11 Mar  6  2024 core -> /proc/kcore
crw-------  1 root root     10, 125 Mar  5 21:00 cpu_dma_latency
crw-------  1 root root     10, 203 Mar  6  2024 cuse
drwxr-xr-x  9 root root         180 Mar  6  2024 disk
drwxr-xr-x  2 root root          60 Mar  6  2024 dri
crw-rw----  1 root video    29,   0 Mar  5 21:00 fb0
lrwxrwxrwx  1 root root          13 Mar  6  2024 fd -> /proc/self/fd
crw-rw-rw-  1 root root      1,   7 Mar  5 21:00 full
crw-rw-rw-  1 root root     10, 229 Mar  5 21:00 fuse
crw-------  1 root root     10, 228 Mar  5 21:00 hpet
drwxr-xr-x  2 root root           0 Mar  6  2024 hugepages
crw-------  1 root root     10, 183 Mar  5 21:00 hwrng
lrwxrwxrwx  1 root root          12 Mar  6  2024 initctl -> /run/initctl
drwxr-xr-x  3 root root         180 Mar  5 21:00 input
crw-r--r--  1 root root      1,  11 Mar  5 21:00 kmsg
lrwxrwxrwx  1 root root          28 Mar  6  2024 log -> /run/systemd/journal/dev-log
brw-rw----  1 root disk      7,   0 Mar  6  2024 loop0
brw-rw----  1 root disk      7,   1 Mar  6  2024 loop1
brw-rw----  1 root disk      7,   2 Mar  6  2024 loop2
brw-rw----  1 root disk      7,   3 Mar  6  2024 loop3
brw-rw----  1 root disk      7,   4 Mar  6  2024 loop4
brw-rw----  1 root disk      7,   5 Mar  6  2024 loop5
brw-rw----  1 root disk      7,   6 Mar  6  2024 loop6
brw-rw----  1 root disk      7,   7 Mar  6  2024 loop7
crw-rw----  1 root disk     10, 237 Mar  5 21:00 loop-control
drwxr-xr-x  2 root root          60 Mar  6  2024 mapper
crw-r-----  1 root kmem      1,   1 Mar  5 21:00 mem
drwxrwxrwt  2 root root          40 Mar  6  2024 mqueue
drwxr-xr-x  2 root root          60 Mar  6  2024 net
crw-rw-rw-  1 root root      1,   3 Mar  5 21:00 null
crw-------  1 root root     10, 144 Mar  6  2024 nvram
crw-r-----  1 root kmem      1,   4 Mar  5 21:00 port
crw-------  1 root root    108,   0 Mar  6  2024 ppp
crw-------  1 root root     10,   1 Mar  5 21:00 psaux
crw-rw-rw-  1 root tty       5,   2 Mar  5 21:45 ptmx
crw-------  1 root root    248,   0 Mar  5 21:00 ptp0
lrwxrwxrwx  1 root root           4 Mar  5 21:00 ptp_hyperv -> ptp0
drwxr-xr-x  2 root root           0 Mar  6  2024 pts
crw-rw-rw-  1 root root      1,   8 Mar  5 21:00 random
crw-rw-r--+ 1 root netdev   10, 242 Mar  5 21:00 rfkill
lrwxrwxrwx  1 root root           4 Mar  6  2024 rtc -> rtc0
crw-------  1 root root    250,   0 Mar  5 21:00 rtc0
brw-rw----  1 root disk      8,   0 Mar  5 21:00 sda
brw-rw----  1 root disk      8,   1 Mar  5 21:00 sda1
brw-rw----  1 root disk      8,   2 Mar  5 21:00 sda2
crw-rw----  1 root disk     21,   0 Mar  5 21:00 sg0
drwxrwxrwt  2 root root          40 Mar  6  2024 shm
crw-------  1 root root     10, 231 Mar  5 21:00 snapshot
drwxr-xr-x  2 root root          80 Mar  6  2024 snd
lrwxrwxrwx  1 root root          15 Mar  6  2024 stderr -> /proc/self/fd/2
lrwxrwxrwx  1 root root          15 Mar  6  2024 stdin -> /proc/self/fd/0
lrwxrwxrwx  1 root root          15 Mar  6  2024 stdout -> /proc/self/fd/1
crw-rw-rw-  1 root tty       5,   0 Mar  5 21:18 tty
crw--w----  1 root tty       4,   0 Mar  6  2024 tty0
crw--w----  1 root tty       4,   1 Mar  5 21:00 tty1
crw--w----  1 root tty       4,  10 Mar  6  2024 tty10
crw--w----  1 root tty       4,  11 Mar  6  2024 tty11
crw--w----  1 root tty       4,  12 Mar  6  2024 tty12
crw--w----  1 root tty       4,  13 Mar  6  2024 tty13
crw--w----  1 root tty       4,  14 Mar  6  2024 tty14
crw--w----  1 root tty       4,  15 Mar  6  2024 tty15
crw--w----  1 root tty       4,  16 Mar  6  2024 tty16
crw--w----  1 root tty       4,  17 Mar  6  2024 tty17
crw--w----  1 root tty       4,  18 Mar  6  2024 tty18
crw--w----  1 root tty       4,  19 Mar  6  2024 tty19
crw--w----  1 root tty       4,   2 Mar  5 21:00 tty2
crw--w----  1 root tty       4,  20 Mar  6  2024 tty20
crw--w----  1 root tty       4,  21 Mar  6  2024 tty21
crw--w----  1 root tty       4,  22 Mar  6  2024 tty22
crw--w----  1 root tty       4,  23 Mar  6  2024 tty23
crw--w----  1 root tty       4,  24 Mar  6  2024 tty24
crw--w----  1 root tty       4,  25 Mar  6  2024 tty25
crw--w----  1 root tty       4,  26 Mar  6  2024 tty26
crw--w----  1 root tty       4,  27 Mar  6  2024 tty27
crw--w----  1 root tty       4,  28 Mar  6  2024 tty28
crw--w----  1 root tty       4,  29 Mar  6  2024 tty29
crw--w----  1 root tty       4,   3 Mar  5 21:00 tty3
crw--w----  1 root tty       4,  30 Mar  6  2024 tty30
crw--w----  1 root tty       4,  31 Mar  6  2024 tty31
crw--w----  1 root tty       4,  32 Mar  6  2024 tty32
crw--w----  1 root tty       4,  33 Mar  6  2024 tty33
crw--w----  1 root tty       4,  34 Mar  6  2024 tty34
crw--w----  1 root tty       4,  35 Mar  6  2024 tty35
crw--w----  1 root tty       4,  36 Mar  6  2024 tty36
crw--w----  1 root tty       4,  37 Mar  6  2024 tty37
crw--w----  1 root tty       4,  38 Mar  6  2024 tty38
crw--w----  1 root tty       4,  39 Mar  6  2024 tty39
crw--w----  1 root tty       4,   4 Mar  5 21:00 tty4
crw--w----  1 root tty       4,  40 Mar  6  2024 tty40
crw--w----  1 root tty       4,  41 Mar  6  2024 tty41
crw--w----  1 root tty       4,  42 Mar  6  2024 tty42
crw--w----  1 root tty       4,  43 Mar  6  2024 tty43
crw--w----  1 root tty       4,  44 Mar  6  2024 tty44
crw--w----  1 root tty       4,  45 Mar  6  2024 tty45
crw--w----  1 root tty       4,  46 Mar  6  2024 tty46
crw--w----  1 root tty       4,  47 Mar  6  2024 tty47
crw--w----  1 root tty       4,  48 Mar  6  2024 tty48
crw--w----  1 root tty       4,  49 Mar  6  2024 tty49
crw--w----  1 root tty       4,   5 Mar  5 21:00 tty5
crw--w----  1 root tty       4,  50 Mar  6  2024 tty50
crw--w----  1 root tty       4,  51 Mar  6  2024 tty51
crw--w----  1 root tty       4,  52 Mar  6  2024 tty52
crw--w----  1 root tty       4,  53 Mar  6  2024 tty53
crw--w----  1 root tty       4,  54 Mar  6  2024 tty54
crw--w----  1 root tty       4,  55 Mar  6  2024 tty55
crw--w----  1 root tty       4,  56 Mar  6  2024 tty56
crw--w----  1 root tty       4,  57 Mar  6  2024 tty57
crw--w----  1 root tty       4,  58 Mar  6  2024 tty58
crw--w----  1 root tty       4,  59 Mar  6  2024 tty59
crw--w----  1 root tty       4,   6 Mar  5 21:00 tty6
crw--w----  1 root tty       4,  60 Mar  6  2024 tty60
crw--w----  1 root tty       4,  61 Mar  6  2024 tty61
crw--w----  1 root tty       4,  62 Mar  6  2024 tty62
crw--w----  1 root tty       4,  63 Mar  6  2024 tty63
crw--w----  1 root tty       4,   7 Mar  5 21:00 tty7
crw--w----  1 root tty       4,   8 Mar  6  2024 tty8
crw--w----  1 root tty       4,   9 Mar  6  2024 tty9
crw-rw----  1 root dialout   4,  64 Mar  6  2024 ttyS0
crw-rw----  1 root dialout   4,  65 Mar  6  2024 ttyS1
crw-rw----  1 root dialout   4,  66 Mar  6  2024 ttyS2
crw-rw----  1 root dialout   4,  67 Mar  6  2024 ttyS3
crw-------  1 root root     10, 239 Mar  6  2024 uhid
crw-------  1 root root     10, 223 Mar  6  2024 uinput
crw-rw-rw-  1 root root      1,   9 Mar  5 21:00 urandom
crw-------  1 root root     10, 126 Mar  5 21:00 userfaultfd
crw-rw----  1 root tty       7,   0 Mar  5 21:00 vcs
crw-rw----  1 root tty       7,   1 Mar  5 21:00 vcs1
crw-rw----  1 root tty       7,   2 Mar  5 21:00 vcs2
crw-rw----  1 root tty       7,   3 Mar  5 21:00 vcs3
crw-rw----  1 root tty       7,   4 Mar  5 21:00 vcs4
crw-rw----  1 root tty       7,   5 Mar  5 21:00 vcs5
crw-rw----  1 root tty       7,   6 Mar  5 21:00 vcs6
crw-rw----  1 root tty       7,   7 Mar  5 21:00 vcs7
crw-rw----  1 root tty       7, 128 Mar  5 21:00 vcsa
crw-rw----  1 root tty       7, 129 Mar  5 21:00 vcsa1
crw-rw----  1 root tty       7, 130 Mar  5 21:00 vcsa2
crw-rw----  1 root tty       7, 131 Mar  5 21:00 vcsa3
crw-rw----  1 root tty       7, 132 Mar  5 21:00 vcsa4
crw-rw----  1 root tty       7, 133 Mar  5 21:00 vcsa5
crw-rw----  1 root tty       7, 134 Mar  5 21:00 vcsa6
crw-rw----  1 root tty       7, 135 Mar  5 21:00 vcsa7
crw-rw----  1 root tty       7,  64 Mar  5 21:00 vcsu
crw-rw----  1 root tty       7,  65 Mar  5 21:00 vcsu1
crw-rw----  1 root tty       7,  66 Mar  5 21:00 vcsu2
crw-rw----  1 root tty       7,  67 Mar  5 21:00 vcsu3
crw-rw----  1 root tty       7,  68 Mar  5 21:00 vcsu4
crw-rw----  1 root tty       7,  69 Mar  5 21:00 vcsu5
crw-rw----  1 root tty       7,  70 Mar  5 21:00 vcsu6
crw-rw----  1 root tty       7,  71 Mar  5 21:00 vcsu7
drwxr-xr-x  2 root root          60 Mar  6  2024 vfio
crw-------  1 root root     10, 127 Mar  5 21:00 vga_arbiter
crw-------  1 root root     10, 137 Mar  6  2024 vhci
crw-rw----  1 root kvm      10, 238 Mar  6  2024 vhost-net
crw-rw----  1 root kvm      10, 241 Mar  6  2024 vhost-vsock
drwxr-xr-x  2 root root          80 Mar  6  2024 vmbus
crw-rw-rw-  1 root root     10, 124 Mar  5 21:00 vsock
crw-rw-rw-  1 root root      1,   5 Mar  5 21:00 zero

3. 查看硬盘信息

容器一般默认没有分区。通过查看分区表也可以判断。

各环境下实验

Docker 环境

# fdisk -l
#

WSL 环境

$ fdisk -l
Disk /dev/ram0: 64 MiB, 67108864 bytes, 131072 sectors
Units: sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 4096 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 4096 bytes / 4096 bytes


Disk /dev/ram1: 64 MiB, 67108864 bytes, 131072 sectors
Units: sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 4096 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 4096 bytes / 4096 bytes


Disk /dev/ram2: 64 MiB, 67108864 bytes, 131072 sectors
Units: sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 4096 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 4096 bytes / 4096 bytes


Disk /dev/ram3: 64 MiB, 67108864 bytes, 131072 sectors
Units: sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 4096 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 4096 bytes / 4096 bytes


Disk /dev/ram4: 64 MiB, 67108864 bytes, 131072 sectors
Units: sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 4096 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 4096 bytes / 4096 bytes


Disk /dev/ram5: 64 MiB, 67108864 bytes, 131072 sectors
Units: sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 4096 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 4096 bytes / 4096 bytes


Disk /dev/ram6: 64 MiB, 67108864 bytes, 131072 sectors
Units: sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 4096 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 4096 bytes / 4096 bytes


Disk /dev/ram7: 64 MiB, 67108864 bytes, 131072 sectors
Units: sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 4096 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 4096 bytes / 4096 bytes


Disk /dev/ram8: 64 MiB, 67108864 bytes, 131072 sectors
Units: sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 4096 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 4096 bytes / 4096 bytes


Disk /dev/ram9: 64 MiB, 67108864 bytes, 131072 sectors
Units: sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 4096 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 4096 bytes / 4096 bytes


Disk /dev/ram10: 64 MiB, 67108864 bytes, 131072 sectors
Units: sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 4096 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 4096 bytes / 4096 bytes


Disk /dev/ram11: 64 MiB, 67108864 bytes, 131072 sectors
Units: sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 4096 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 4096 bytes / 4096 bytes


Disk /dev/ram12: 64 MiB, 67108864 bytes, 131072 sectors
Units: sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 4096 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 4096 bytes / 4096 bytes


Disk /dev/ram13: 64 MiB, 67108864 bytes, 131072 sectors
Units: sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 4096 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 4096 bytes / 4096 bytes


Disk /dev/ram14: 64 MiB, 67108864 bytes, 131072 sectors
Units: sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 4096 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 4096 bytes / 4096 bytes


Disk /dev/ram15: 64 MiB, 67108864 bytes, 131072 sectors
Units: sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 4096 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 4096 bytes / 4096 bytes


Disk /dev/loop0: 457.74 MiB, 479973376 bytes, 937448 sectors
Units: sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes


Disk /dev/loop1: 145.56 MiB, 152635392 bytes, 298116 sectors
Units: sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes


Disk /dev/loop2: 689.08 MiB, 722550784 bytes, 1411232 sectors
Units: sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes


Disk /dev/sda: 389.82 MiB, 408756224 bytes, 798352 sectors
Disk model: Virtual Disk
Units: sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes


Disk /dev/sdb: 4 GiB, 4294971392 bytes, 8388616 sectors
Disk model: Virtual Disk
Units: sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 4096 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 4096 bytes / 4096 bytes


Disk /dev/sdc: 1 TiB, 1099511627776 bytes, 2147483648 sectors
Disk model: Virtual Disk
Units: sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 4096 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 4096 bytes / 4096 bytes


Disk /dev/sdd: 1 TiB, 1099511627776 bytes, 2147483648 sectors
Disk model: Virtual Disk
Units: sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 4096 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 4096 bytes / 4096 bytes


Disk /dev/sde: 1 TiB, 1099511627776 bytes, 2147483648 sectors
Disk model: Virtual Disk
Units: sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 4096 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 4096 bytes / 4096 bytes

ECS 环境

# fdisk -l

Disk /dev/vda: 42.9 GB, 42949672960 bytes, 83886080 sectors
Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disk label type: dos
Disk identifier: 0x000bdc9e

   Device Boot      Start         End      Blocks   Id  System
/dev/vda1   *        2048    83886046    41941999+  83  Linux

Hyper-V 环境

$ sudo fdisk -l      
[sudo] password for kali: 
Disk /dev/sda: 80.09 GiB, 86000000000 bytes, 167968750 sectors
Disk model: Virtual Disk    
Units: sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disklabel type: gpt
Disk identifier: EAFC86EE-6595-4E48-8D83-9DFC62C74283

Device       Start       End   Sectors   Size Type
/dev/sda1       34   1000000    999967 488.3M EFI System
/dev/sda2  1000001 167968716 166968716  79.6G Linux filesystem

4. 查看文件系统以及挂载点

docker 一般使用 overlay 或者 aufs 文件系统，所以筛选使用这类文件系统的磁盘，可以帮助判断。

df -h | egrep '(overlay|aufs)'

各环境下实验

Docker 环境

# df -h | egrep '(overlay|aufs)'
overlay        1007G  7.5G  949G   1% /

WSL 环境

$ df -h | egrep '(overlay|aufs)'

ECS 环境

# df -h | egrep '(overlay|aufs)'

Hyper-V 环境

$ df -h | egrep '(overlay|aufs)'

知识点

1）overlay 文件系统

Overlay 文件系统（OverlayFS）是 Linux 内核中的一个联合文件系统，它可以将多个源目录（称为「lowerdir」）叠加到一个统一的目录上，并通过一个额外的目录（称为「upperdir」）来存储修改。简而言之，OverlayFS 允许用户在一个只读的底层文件系统之上，创建一个可写的上层文件系统，以实现对底层文件系统的修改，而无需真正更改底层数据。

2）df 和 egrep 命令

Linux df（英文全拼：disk free）命令用于显示目前在 Linux 系统上的文件系统磁盘使用情况统计。

Linux egrep 命令用于在文件内查找指定的字符串。 egrep 是用 extended regular expression 语法来解读的，而 grep 则用 basic regular expression 语法解读，extended regular expression 比 basic regular expression 的表达更规范。

3 使用工具

3.1 通过 systemd-detect-virt 指令

systemd-detect-virt 是一个 Linux 系统中的命令行工具，它的主要作用是检测当前系统是否运行在一个虚拟化环境中，以及进一步确定是哪种类型的虚拟化环境。这个工具是 systemd 工具集中的一部分。

当运行 systemd-detect-virt 命令时，它会尝试检测并返回关于系统虚拟化环境的信息。这包括检测系统是否运行在虚拟机（如 KVM 、 QEMU 、 VMware 、 Xen 等）或容器（如 LXC 、 Docker 、 OpenVZ 等）内。如果检测成功，该命令将返回虚拟化技术的简短标识；如果未检测到虚拟化环境，则可能返回 “none” 。

3.1.1 各环境下实验

Docker 环境

# systemd-detect-virt
/bin/sh: 5: systemd-detect-virt: not found

Docker 容器里面是没有 systemd 进程的，所以不能正常使用指令。

WSL 环境

$ systemd-detect-virt
wsl

ECS 环境

# systemd-detect-virt
kvm

Hyper-V 环境

$ systemd-detect-virt
microsoft

标签 Docker 安全容器

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1 查看文件

1.1 查看/proc/1/cgroup 文件

1.1.1 各环境下实验

1.1.2 知识点

1.1.2.1 Linux 的 proc 目录

1.1.2.2 cgroup 信息

1.2 查看/proc/1/status 文件

1.2.1 各环境下实验

1.3 查看.dockerenv 文件

1.3.1 各环境下实验

2 查看系统信息

1. 查看 mount 信息

各环境下实验

2. 查看块设备

各环境下实验

3. 查看硬盘信息

各环境下实验

4. 查看文件系统以及挂载点

各环境下实验

知识点

1）overlay 文件系统

2）df 和 egrep 命令

3 使用工具

3.1 通过 systemd-detect-virt 指令

3.1.1 各环境下实验

1.1 查看`/proc/1/cgroup` 文件